Unlike weakly coupled spin systems, the signal strength of Glu H4, Gln H4, and GSH glutamyl H4 is affected by the timing of refocusing pulses for a fixed total TE. Using full density matrix simulations, it was found that glutamate H4, glutamine H4, and glutathione glutamyl H4 peak amplitudes can be significantly increased by shortening the echo time of the first spin echo (TE1) in PRESS from a previously reported 69 ms to 16 ms. The improved sequence was tested in vivo and validated using Monte Carlo simulations.
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