Abstract #3956

White matter inflammation and its relation to myelin content in vivo in patients at different stages of multiple sclerosis.

Valeria Barletta¹, Elena Herranz¹, Constantina Andrada Treaba¹, Ambica Mehndiratta², Russell Ouellette³, Tobias Granberg⁴, Eric Klawiter⁵, Carolina Ionete⁶, Jacob Sloane⁷, and Caterina Mainero¹

¹Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, ²Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, ³Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden, ⁴Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Neuroradiology, Stockholm, Sweden, ⁵Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, ⁶Umass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, United States, ⁷Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States

Synopsis

We combined 11C-PBR28 magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography, marking activated microglia, with synthetic MRI to measure myelin content, on a group of 33 patients affected by multiple sclerosis, to quantify neuroinflammation in the brain white matter and assess its relation to myelin content and disease burden. Microglia activation was higher in the white matter of multiple sclerosis patients compared to 16 healthy volunteers. Microglia activation within perilesional WM correlated the most with worse disease outcomes. Peripherally active lesions were related to higher disability and progressive disease. Perilesional myelin content was lower for higher inflammation and correlated with disease burden.

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