The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can affect the morphometry of the developing brain of perinatally HIV (PHIV)-infected youths. Surface-based morphometric analysis can reveal if local effects on gray and white matter volumes is significant in the regions with alterations in cortical thickness (CT), gyrification index (GI), or sulcal depth (SD). So, we compared these morphometric parameters of 19 PHIV-youths on combination antiretroviral therapy with those in 26 uninfected healthy controls. PHIV-youths had altered gray and white matter regional volume, CT, GI, and SD, partly in overlapping regions. The findings survived multiple comparisons using both false discovery rate and Holm-Bonferroni corrections.
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