This study investigated the feasibility of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measurement using T1 mapping to evaluate histological grade, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status, perineural invasion (PNI) status, and Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and to compare T1 mapping with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Results showed that T1 mapping-derived parameters (ΔT1, ECV) can effectively grade and predict CSCC LVSI status, PNI status, and Ki-67 PI, and ADC values can stratify CSCC grading. ECV may represent an effective quantitative imaging biomarker indicating the poor-prognosis histological features of CSCC and may provide incremental diagnostic value beyond qualitative MRI features.
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