The physiological parameters estimated from pharmacokinetic modeling of DCE-MRI are usually biased by the non-white, spatially-dependent noise. In this study, we compared several state-of-arts denoising approaches, including gaussian low pass filter (GLPF), the dynamic nonlocal mean (DNLM), the nonlocal mean based on spatiotemporal patches (NLM-ST), 2D and 3D kinetics-induced bilateral filter (KIBF). Our results reveal that the 3D KIBF can reduce the noise significantly and reserve subtle information best.
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