MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and MR elastography (MRE) methods are frequently used to evaluate patients with known or suspected NAFLD or NASH. Reference standards (phantoms) are needed for quality assurance of these methods. Currently available phantoms mimic only a single tissue property. A phantom that simultaneously mimics PDFF and tissue stiffness would more realistically mimic NAFLD/NASH tissue and would enable robust and convenient quality assurance. In this work, a chemical formulation and phantom configuration were developed for a multi-layer combined PDFF-MRE phantom, in which each layer simultaneously mimics different PDFF and stiffness values.
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