Keywords: Myocardium, Myocardium, hemorrhage, intramyocardial hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, ischemia , animals, blood, blood vessels, cardiovascular, contrast agents, contrast mechanisms, heart, novel contrast mechanism, preclinical
Motivation: Intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) frequently occurs in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with adverse outcomes. While T2* cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has emerged as the reference standard for noninvasive IMH detection, it relies on the paramagnetic properties of hemoglobin breakdown products, usually detectable between 1 and 3 days following IMH.
Goal(s): We demonstrate an alternative approach that can more promptly detect active myocardial bleeding.
Approach: We leveraged the T1 shortening effects of intravascular ferumoxytol to identify IMH following acute ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Results: Ferumoxytol-enhanced CMR depiction of IMH were in agreement with gross and histologic evaluations.
Impact: We demonstrate the effectiveness of ferumoxytol-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (FE-CMR) in detecting active intramyocardial hemorrhage after ischemia-reperfusion injury. This may facilitate the development, testing, and clinical adoption of strategies to mitigate IMH-associated complications.
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