Keywords: Aging, Aging, Cohort study; Body mass index; Obesity; Neuroimaging; Mendelian randomization
Motivation: The causal relationship between BMI and brain health remains unclear.
Goal(s): This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of cumulative BMI on neuroimaging features in adults of different ages and verify the causal relationship.
Approach: This study was based on the KaiLuan Study that began in 2006. We also performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genetic data from 681,275 individuals.
Results: For adults aged under 45 years but BMI > 26.2 kg/m2 corresponded to 12.0 years of brain aging. Genetic analysis indicated causal relationships among high BMI, smaller volume of the cerebral parenchyma, and higher fractional anisotropy in projection fibers.
Impact: High BMI is causally associated with smaller brain volume and abnormal microstructural integrity in projection fibers, especially in young adults. These findings provide a basis for future brain health promotion and disease prevention strategies.
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