Keywords: RF Pulse Design & Fields, RF Pulse Design & Fields
Motivation: Adiabatic BIR-4 pulses, employed for $$$B_1^+$$$ robust spectroscopic excitation, exhibit frequency-dependent modulations in received signals, especially at low tilt angles. These modulations interfere with accurate quantitative analysis.
Goal(s): The study aims to examine BIR-4 overshoots at low $$$B_1^+$$$ and introduces optimal control RF pulses to mitigate these issues.
Approach: We investigate and compare BIR-4 and optimal control RF pulses in simulations, phantom experiments, and in-vivo 31P spectroscopy.
Results: We show that optimal control RF pulse design is imperative for obtaining accurate quantitative data. Optimal control RF pulses have the potential to significantly improve in-vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Impact: Optimal control pulses offer precise excitation, surpassing BIR-4 under low flip angles and challenging transmit conditions. This ensures a stable magnetization steady-state, vital for accurate quantitative analysis in applications such as enzymatic exchange rate measurement via magnetization transfer spectroscopy.
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