Keywords: Functional Connectivity, fMRI
Motivation: Despite the widespread use of resting-state fMRI in the neuroscience field, the relationship between functional connectivity and neural interactions is not fully understood.
Goal(s): We aimed to explore whether resting-state functional connectivity arises from spontaneous neural interactions among brain regions.
Approach: We conducted resting-state and multi-site optogenetic fMRI in excitatory or inhibitory neuron-specific optogenetic mouse models and examined their relationship.
Results: Resting-state functional connectivity patterns were strongly correlated with optogenetic silencing-induced connectivity which revealed extensive intrahemispheric and interhemispheric neural interactions during rest. This result suggests that functional connectivity arises from neural interactions via polysynaptic structural connectivity.
Impact: The results support the notion that functional connectivity stems from spontaneous neural interactions between regions. Our next goal is to investigate whether brain state-dependent functional connectivity alterations stem from enhanced or weakened neural interactions, using multi-site optogenetic silencing fMRI.
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