Abstract #0627

Myelin water imaging in adolescent and young adult cancer patients and cognitive impairment: A feasibility longitudinal case-control study

Eu Jin Lim¹, Cheng Yao Jonathan Goh², Chia Jie Tan^2,3, Weiling Lee⁴, Pik Hsien Chai⁴, Mohamad Farid Bin Harunal Rashid⁵, Alexandre Chan^5,6, Septian Hartono^1,4,7, and Ling Ling Chan^1,4,7

¹Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, ²National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, ³University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, ⁴Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, ⁵National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, ⁶University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, ⁷National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore

Synopsis

Keywords: White Matter, Cancer, Myelin Water Imaging

Motivation: Brain MRI changes in adolescent and young adult cancer (AYAC) patients are underexplored.

Goal(s): Evaluate value of myelin water imaging (MWI) in chemotherapy-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) compared to conventional DTI.

Approach: Evaluate MWI changes in relation to CRCI on longitudinal brain MRI and neuropsychiatric assessments in a AYAC case-control cohort undergoing chemotherapy. GRASE-derived myelin water fraction (MWF) maps were used to create the first Southeast Asian MWF atlas, highlighting regional MWF variability in patients, and compared to FA from DTI.

Results: Our MWI atlas was comparable to publicly available atlases. MWF and FA showed significant reduction in non-overlapping ROIs in AYAC patients post-chemotherapy.

Impact: Myelin water fraction is a complementary quantitative marker to fractional anisotropy, detecting white matter dysmyelination in post-chemotherapy adolescent and young adult cancer patients.

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