Keywords: Kidney, Kidney, Diffusion Weighted Imaging; Chronic Kidney Disease; Interstitial Fibrosis; Progression.
Motivation: Non-invasive and reliable biomarkers for grading interstitial fibrosis (IF) and predicting progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are needed.
Goal(s): To explore the effectiveness of seven diffusion models (DWI, IVIM, DKI, CTRW, FROC, SEM, and sADC) in assessing renal IF and annual renal function loss in CKD.
Approach: The performances of diffusion models in distinguishing between mild and moderate-to-severe IF were evaluated. The association between diffusion metrics and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slopes were investigated.
Results: Combined model of cortical fIVIM, MKDKI and eGFR outperformed individual clinical model in grading IF, with cortical fIVIM and αSEM as potential biomarkers for CKD progression.
Impact: This study identifies the optimal diffusion metrics for grading renal IF and predicting short-term progression of CKD, aiding in the guidance of personalized management and the prevention of poor outcomes.
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