Keywords: Pulse Sequence Design, High-Field MRI, fast spin echo, echo train sequence, variable flip angles, sequence optimization, parallel transmit
Motivation: To non-heuristically identify dedicated variable flip angles (VFAs) simultaneously optimized for PSF and/or SNR of multiple tissues in 3D FSE sequences with very long echo trains at 7T.
Goal(s): Flexibly tune between VFAs which favor visibility of small structures (e.g. inner ear imaging), or enhanced signal magnitudes (e.g. low proton-density)
Approach: End-to-end optimization which integrates contrast fidelity, SNR and PSF-penalty to minimize image blurring for multiple tissues.
Results: PSF-optimization yields significantly reduced image blurring compared to standard T2w/FLAIR vendor sequences with pTx and echo train lengths of 220 while maintaining contrast fidelity. SNR-optimization yields strongly increased magnitudes at equal relative SAR.
Impact: This work paves the way to the flexible tuning of the PSF- or SNR-like flavour of dedicated variable flip angles at 7T to enhance visibility of small stuctures or SNR in 3D fast spin-echo sequences with very long echo trains.
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