Abstract #3486

Optimizing rTMS Target Localization: Reliability and Stability Comparison Between Multi-Echo and Single-Echo fMRI

Zhiyi Hong^1,2,3, Qiu Ge^1,2,3, Yu-Feng Zang^1,2,3, Yuejiao Ding^1,2,3, Xue Yang^1,2,3, and Yong Zhang⁴

¹Centre for Cognition and Brain disorders / Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, hangzhou, China, ²Institute of Psychological Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, ³Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China, ⁴GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China

Synopsis

Keywords: fMRI Acquisition, fMRI (resting state), multi-echo fMRI

Motivation: Comparing with single-echo fMRI, multi-echo fMRI, acquiring signals at multiple echo times, greatly alleviate signal loss and improve reliability especially in clinically relevant cortical-subcortical regions.

Goal(s): This study aims to systematically compare the reliability of functional connectivity and spatial stability of rTMS target localization determined by multi-echo and single-echo fMRI to test whether resting-state multi-echo fMRI provides a more reliable approach for personalized rTMS.

Approach: Using a within-subject design, 34 healthy participants completed three sessions with both multi-echo and single-echo fMRI to evaluate short-term and long-term reliability of functional connectivity from four clinically relevant seeds, as well as target stability.

Impact: This study aims to evaluate the potential of multi-echo fMRI as a more reliable method for guiding personalized rTMS. By offering more accurate and reproducible brain activity mapping, it may improve treatment outcomes of rTMS in the future.

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