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Abstract #4644

Assessment of Post-Transplant Lung Function Alterations Using Free-Breathing Hyperpolarized Xenon MRI

Mostafa K Ismail1, Hooman Hamedani1, Luis Loza1, Stephen Kadlecek1, Christian Bermudez1, Maria Crespo1, Andrew Courtwright1, Joshua Diamond1, Paulo Gregorio1, Edward Cantu1, Chen Jiawei1, Mary Gorora1, Jane Park1, Alexey Gurevich1, Kai Ruppert1, and Rahim Rizi1
1University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States

Synopsis

Keywords: Hyperpolarized MR (Gas), Hyperpolarized MR (Gas), Lung Transplantation

Motivation: CLAD is the leading cause of long-term mortality in lung transplant (LTX) recipients, often diagnosed only after irreversible lung damage has occurred.

Goal(s): To evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 MRI in detecting early gas exchange abnormalities post LTX.

Approach: We imaged lung transplant recipients, healthy controls, and COPD patients using dynamic HP-Xe MRI during free-breathing.

Results: LTX recipients showed gradual declines and loss of gravitational gradients of the DP/GP over time, indicating impaired gas exchange even when appearing healthy. CLAD patients exhibited increased intraregional heterogeneity and diminished gravitational gradients, similar to patients with emphysema.

Impact: The findings suggest that dynamic HP-Xe MRI is a sensitive tool for detecting early pulmonary function alterations in lung transplant recipients that traditional imaging methods might miss. This could enable earlier diagnosis and intervention of CLAD, potentially improving long-term survival.

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