In vivo quantification of SPIO nanoparticles for cell labeling based on MR phase gradient images

Along with the development of modern imaging technologies, contrast agents play increasingly important roles in both clinical applications and scientific researches. Super-paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticle, a negative contrast agent, has been extensively used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such as in vivo labeling and tracking of cells. However, there still remain many challenges, such as in vivo quantification of SPIO nanoparticles. In this work, a novel MR phase gradient based method was proposed to quantify the SPIO nanoparticles. As a calibration, a phantom experiment using known concentrations (50, 75, 100, and 125 g/ml) of SPIO was first conducted to verify the proposed quantification method. In a following in vivo experiment, C6 glioma cells labeled with SPIO nanoparticles were implanted into flanks of four mice, which were scanned 1 to 3 days post-injection for in vivo quantification of SPIO concentration. The results showed that the concentration of SPIO nanoparticles can be determined in both phantom and in vivo experiments using the developed MR phase gradients approach.

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