Quantification of the Contributions to Amide Proton Transfer (APT) Contrast

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging has been increasingly applied to several pathologies, and new variants of APT imaging have been also proposed. However, APT contrast in practice depends on multiple experimental and sample parameters, especially for in vivo applications. Its specificity to amide-water exchange effects is not clear in many cases. Here, we systematically studied contributions to APT contrast separately through simulations and provide criteria for CEST researchers to evaluate the specificity of new APT imaging methods and guide interpretation of contrast sources.

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