Time-domain calibration of fat signal dephasing from multi-echo STEAM spectroscopy for multi-gradient-echo imaging based fat quantification

Advanced multi-gradient-echo imaging based proton density fat fraction estimation requires complex-valued fat signal dephasing factors, which are typically derived from a multi-peak fat spectral model. Several, slightly differing models have been published, but may not be universally applicable. We show how the dephasing factors can be easily derived in the time domain from well-known single-breath-hold multi-echo single-voxel STEAM spectroscopy, making individualized calibration feasible. Based on liver data acquired in one volunteer, it is shown that the dephasing factors from spectral model and spectroscopy match very well, and produce very similar results when applied to 3D multi-gradient-echo fat fraction imaging.

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