Since the single compartment diffusion tensor model does not reflect all contributions in diffusion signal, subsequent implications also may not hold in practice. One of the implications proven wrong here, is that mean diffusivity (MD) maps, which result from diffusion measurements along three orthogonal directions (trace imaging), are independent of the direction of the applied orthogonal gradient triplet. Simulation results with anisotropic multi-compartment diffusion models and human nerve fiber data confirm that the MD measured by trace imaging, which is typically used for rapid stroke delineation, is substantially dependent on the direction of the applied orthogonal gradient triplet and b-value.
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