With an aging population, more patients are receiving implantable cardiac devices (ICDs) annually. Many will need one or more cardiac MRI exams over the course of their lifetime. ICDs can cause artifacts and obscure evaluation of intra-cardiac morphology. While researchers have dealt with artifacts during late gadolinium enhancement imaging by using wideband inversion recovery, off resonance artifacts preclude reliable SSFP cine and SGE cine is degraded by blood saturation. We explored the use of ferumoxytol to mitigate device-related artifacts and flow limiting artifacts during cine MRI in patients with ICDs.
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