The resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and task evoked fMRI, involving the default mode network (DMN) and control network (CN) was performed, with GABA, glutamate and glutamine measured at MPFC and DLPFC, in order to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of the DMN-CN interaction. We found that MPFC GABA concentrations significantly modulate DMN deactivation during a working memory task, and resting state anti-correlation between DMN and CN, while DLPFC GABA correlations modulate DMN-CN anti-correlation in the opposite direction. These findings suggest that MPFC and DLPFC GABA make a major but differential impact on task related activation and inter-network rsFC. The neurochemical characteristics of DMN and CN may provide novel insights into abnormal network activity in neuropsychiatric diseases and provide opportunities for novel interventions.
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