Neurotoxicity of multi-agent chemotherapy in survivors of solid non-CNS tumors during childhood, has limitedly been investigated. Nowadays, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is implemented in clinical studies to examine potential white matter changes. However, standard voxel-based analyses of diffusion measures such as fractional anisotropy (FA), only provide information about local white matter structure on a voxel-level, but lack specific information about fiber populations within a voxel. Therefore, we compared a fixel-based versus voxel-based group comparison analysis of DWI images in survivors of pediatric solid tumor versus healthy age-matched controls.
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