The strong and overlapping macromolecule (MM) signals remains as one of the major technical challenges for metabolites quantification using ultra-short TE MRS. HOPE (Half-intensity with macrOmolecule-suPprEssion), a simple but effective MM suppression MRS method based on SPECIAL, was proposed and tested on human 3T, 4T and animal 9.4T. HOPE has no additional pulse or cycling compared to SPECIAL but with the same short TE. With the similar SNR level as STEAM, HOPE achieves additional benefit with substantial suppression of MM signals and more accurate quantifications of MM overlapped metabolites such as lactate and GABA.
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