Proton functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H fMRS) is capable of detecting dynamic changes in brain glutamate related to task engagement compared to a “non-task-active” control condition. The selection of an appropriate control condition is critical, which may confound the magnitude change in glutamate modulation. The purpose of this 1H fMRS study was to compare the steady-state levels of glutamate and its variability in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during four different putative control conditions. Results show significant differences in the glutamate level and variability between conditions, emphasizing the importance of the control condition for the detection of task-evoked glutamate modulation.
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