This proof of concept study describes implementation and analysis of an IDEAL (Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-square estimation) based imaging technique for imaging hyperpolarized Xenon-129 (HPX) gas ventilation and dissolved phase compartments in human lungs. The time-series IDEAL imaging approach was tested in a healthy subject corroborating with Bloch equations and a numerical gas-exchange model showing that HPX gas ventilation and dissolved phase compartment images can be obtained, and the gas-transfer dynamics can be measured, in a single breath-hold interval of 8 seconds using 1L of HPX gas with polarization of ~10%.
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