Chemical ablation therapies are an established treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, but accurate mapping and monitoring of the ablative agent’s distribution is critical to improving outcomes. We evaluated the theranostic application of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as an ablative agent. Fluorine-19 MRI was optimized to image the agent with excellent sensitivity and cine 19F-MRI was developed to demonstrate the feasibility of real-time injection monitoring. Ablation of ex vivo liver tissue demonstrated TFA to be both effective and imageable, even at low concentrations. We conclude that TFA is a promising theranostic agent for ablation of solid tissue.
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