Emerging evidence suggests that the characteristics of intracranial plaques detected by high-resolution vessel wall imaging may serve as an important in-vivo biomarker for predicting ischemic stroke. Different indicators have been introduced to depict plaque features, such as remodeling index, contrast enhancement, and stenosis rate. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the diagnostic performance of these indicators by a quantitative comparison between ischemic stroke patients and transient-ischemic-attack patients. Our results indicated that the remodeling index may have a predictive power similar to contrast enhancement while stenosis rate was a poor predictor.
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