Recently it was demonstrated that UV irradiation of trimethylpyruvic acid (TMP) generates nonpersistent radicals with narrow electron spin resonance linewidth. TMP however has never been used to hyperpolarize 13C substrates to study in vivo metabolic processes, and relatively large volumes of TMP were needed to generate high nonpersistent radical concentrations. The aim of this study was to increase the nonpersistent radical yield in TMP-doped [1-13C]lactic acid, [1-13C]butyric acid and 13C glucose preparations to achieve high polarization levels. In vivo metabolism was measured with signal levels similar to that of persistent radical preparations, demonstrating TMP as a promising nonpersistent radical for dissolution DNP and potential clinical translation.
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