Abstract #0058

A quantification of myelin and axonal damage across multiple sclerosis lesions and clinical subtypes with myelin and diffusion MRI

Reza Rahmanzadeh^1,2, Po-Jui Lu^1,2, Muhamed Barakovic^1,2, Riccardo Galbusera^1,2, Matthias Weigel^1,2,3, Pietro Maggi⁴, Thanh D. Nguyen ⁵, Simona Schiavi⁶, Francesco La Rosa ^7,8, Daniel S. Reich⁹, Pascal Sati⁹, Yi Wang⁵, Meritxell Bach-Cuadra^7,8, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue¹, Jens Kuhle², Ludwig Kappos², and Cristina Granziera^1,2

¹Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ²Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ³Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ⁴Department of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁵Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, ⁶Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, ⁷Signal Processing Laboratory (LTSS), Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁸Radiology Department, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne University and University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁹National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Translational Neuroradiology Section, Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, Bethesda, MD, United States

The interplay between axonal and myelin damage in multiple sclerosis (MS) is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the concomitant presence of axonal and myelin injury in living MS patients by using myelin and multi-shell diffusion MRI. Confirming neuropathological findings, our results show that (i) axonal and myelin damage exists in MS lesions and spreads out from the lesions in a centrifugal way, (ii) the extent of myelin and axonal damage differs among lesion subtypes and according to lesion anatomical locations and (iii) axonal (and not myelin) damage differs between relapsing-remitting and progressive MS patients.

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