High resolution, T2-weighted two-point Dixon is an effective technique for MR neurography (MRN) and can potentially also provide quantitative assessment of muscle ‘edema’ and fatty infiltration, which occur in acute and chronic muscle denervation, respectively. However, low SNR and residual off-resonance can introduce severe bias that impedes accurate interpretation. This study demonstrated that principal component analysis (PCA) denoising and off-resonance correction methods significantly improved proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurements in 28 patient datasets and in signal simulations. Reduced bias allowed for further application of a proposed water-weighted processing enhances nerve conspicuity by suppressing perineural fat signal.
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