Oxygen-enhanced (OE)-MRI was used to map and quantify hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts, a tumour type in which hypoxia adversely affects patient prognosis. Application of a refined OE-MRI protocol revealed a markedly high proportion of voxels refractory to hyperoxia-induced changes in R1, shown to be hypoxic in imaging-aligned tissue sections stained for the hypoxia marker pimonidazole.
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