Probing time-dependence with diffusion MRI enables mapping of microstructure features such as cell sizes (restrictions) and membrane permeability (exchange). However, restrictions and exchange have opposite effects on the MR signal, and cannot be distinguished by just varying the diffusion time. We propose a unified framework for analysis of time-dependent diffusion that enables the design of efficient restriction-exchange correlation experiments. A signal representation was developed featuring parameters connected to restricted diffusion and exchange. This connection was validated by numerical simulations.
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