Abstract #1539

Quantitative Assessment of Pathological Brain Changes in HIV using MP2RAGE

Antonio Jimenez Gonzalez*^1,2,3, Mário João Fartaria*^1,2,3, Pietro Maggi⁴, Tobias Kober^1,2,3, Jean-Philippe Thiran^2,3, Karl Egger⁵, Renaud Du Pasquier⁴, François Lazeyras⁶, Frédéric Assal⁷, Alexandra Calmy⁸, Matthias Cavassini⁹, and Cristina Granziera^10,11

¹Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland, ²Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, ³LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁴Departement of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, ⁵Department of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, ⁶Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, CIBM, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, ⁷Cognitive Neurology Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, ⁸Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, ⁹Department of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, ¹⁰Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ¹¹Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

The clinical landscape of HIV has evolved from a fatal disease to a manageable condition, giving rise to secondary complications associated with the chronic infection still present under treatment. HIV penetrates the brain very early after infection. Here, we investigated the mechanism behind structural brain changes observed in 92 aviremic HIV patients compared to 125 seronegative controls using quantitative MRI. Changes in cortical and subcortical structures and T1 relaxation times were observed. We thus speculate that the differential pattern in HIV patients reflects biological mechanisms underlying different stages of brain infection, namely acute inflammation and neuronal loss.

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