Abstract #4661

Low Frequency Fluctuations in White Matter of Perinatally HIV-Infected Adult Youths: Glial Cycling for Neuroplasticity and Repair?

Manoj Kumar Sarma¹, Amrita Pal², Margaret A. Keller^3,4, Tamara Welikson⁵, Joseph Ventura⁶, David E. Michalik⁷, Karin Nielsen-Saines⁸, Jaime Deville⁸, Andrea Kovacs⁹, Eva Operskalski⁹, Joseph A. Church^9,10, Irwin Walot¹¹, Paul M. Macey², Bharat Biswal¹², and M. Albert Thomas¹

¹Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ²UCLA School of Nursing, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ³Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States, ⁴The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States, ⁵Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ⁶Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ⁷Infectious Diseases-Pediatrics, Miller Children’s Hospital of Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States, ⁸Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ⁹Pediatric, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ¹⁰Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, ¹¹Radiology, Los Angeles County Harbor- UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States, ¹²Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States

We evaluated the functional brain activity in perinatally HIV-infected youth (PHIVY) on cART by quantifying the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and correlated with clinical and cognitive measures. We observed higher neural activity for ALFF in PHIVY compared to control. ALFF values in the cerebral white matter were positively correlated with viral load. Higher neural activity was associated with poorer performance in psychomotor function, abstract thinking, and social cognition. The findings suggest that long-term consequence of higher neuroinflammation and associated neurorepair in PHIVY may have a significant impact on regional spontaneous neuronal firing consequently impacting neurodevelopment and cognitive functioning.

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