Spiral TSE imaging presents challenges for compensating concomitant (Maxwell) gradient effects because spiral waveforms vary along the echo train, as opposed to Cartesian imaging for which the same readout waveform is used for every echo. Since Maxwell terms are proportional to 1/Bo, compensation is particularly important at low field strength. An interleaved-spiral T2-weighted 2D-TSE pulse sequence was developed that incorporates gradient waveform modifications to achieve compensation of the self-squared Maxwell terms at both the echoes and over echo spacings. This approach provided substantial improvement in image quality at 0.55T for degradation associated with self-squared concomitant-gradient effects.
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