Low duty cycle π-pulsed CEST is an easy to implement method for exchange rate insensitive CE-MRI measurement that is dependent on labile proton concentration. In creatine phantoms with varying pH, decreasing duty cycle of π-pulse trains decreased pH dependence. In creatine phantoms of varying concentration and varied pH, exchange dependent relaxation asymmetry of π-pulsed CEST shows stronger linear dependence on concentration at lower duty cycles than continuous wave. Low duty cycle π-pulsed CEST may be useful in studies in which a change of chemical exchange rate (e.g., pH, catalyst concentration, and temperature changes) can interfere with accurate assessment of pathology.
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