In analyzing the early postnatal brain development featuring extremely dynamic imaging contrast, brain appearance, shape and size, longitudinal brain atlases with densely sampled time-points and ancillary anatomical information are of great importance, but remain absent in cynomolgus macaques, which is a highly valuable animal model for understanding human brains. To fill this critical gap, we construct the first set of spatiotemporal (4D) brain atlases and associated ancillary anatomical information with 12 time-points (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months of age) based on 175 longitudinal structural MRI scans from 46 cynomolgus macaques.
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