This study demonstrates that amino acids and the protein α-LA do not yield a sodium TQ signal. Despite a significant reduction in sodium relaxation times, a sodium TQ signal was not observed for the amino acids glutamic acid, arginine, and lysine, as well as for the small sized protein α-LA up to their highest concentration dissolvable in water. In contrast, a BSA concentration of 3% w/v was already sufficient for the creation of a sodium TQ signal. Consequently, in vivo small molecules can only contribute to a reduction in the MR relaxation times without a detectable sodium TQ signal.
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