Recent high-performance gradient coil designs are primarily limited by Peripheral Nerve Stimulation thresholds rather than hardware. Electrical fields induced by gradient switching may stimulate nerves within the human body if they exceed predefined thresholds. Gradient array coils can reduce the maximum electric field by optimizing feeding currents while generating the desired magnetic field profile within a specified region of interest. Another degree of freedom provided by array configuration is the ability to generate a flexible shaped region of interest, which allows for electrical fields manipulation to increase peripheral nerve stimulation thresholds.
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