The recently introduced axial-symmetric DKI framework is less noise sensitive but unable to capture more complex fiber configurations causing an AxDKI inherent bias in those voxels. We found that the parallel and perpendicular kurtosis are most often affected by this inherent bias and that it translates to the AxDKI based biophysical parameters. Bias-free estimation of the biophysical parameters with the AxDKI framework, therefore, is difficult if not impossible at this point. However, the parallel and perpendicular diffusivity and the mean kurtosis were largely bias-free, encouraging use of the AxDKI framework in studies where these parameters are focused on.
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