Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. Although MS lesions can be identified by conventional MRI, the evaluation of active lesions in normal appearing gray and white matter requires measures of blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB), which is commonly assessed through the dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) acquisition. When repeated scans are needed in the MS patients follow-up, repeated gadolinium injection is not recommended. This study successfully showed the feasibility of advanced arterial spin labeling sequences as an alternative to evaluate BBB permeability, whose results of water-exchange times across the BBB were in agreement with DCE measurements.
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