We investigate the relation between congenital heart disease (CHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and olfaction in a cohort of children and young adults using fcMRI (Functional Connectivity Strength; FCS, and amygdala seed-based connectivity) and DTI (RD). ASD severity was positively correlated with FCS in widespread regions, with amygdala connectivity to the DMN, and with RD in posterior parietal white matter; however, these relations were stronger in individuals with impaired olfaction scores and individuals with CHD. The relation between impaired olfaction, CHD, and ASD may be the result of individuals with impaired olfaction and/or CHD having different brain structure-function relationships.
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