Phase-contrast (PC) MRI enables non-invasive quantification of blood velocity and flow. The velocity encoding factor (venc) selected by the operator is chosen to maximize the velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR) while preventing aliasing artifacts. To minimize the acquisition time increase associated with an additional venc, a dual-venc dual-echo (DVDE) technique has been proposed where both venc images are acquired within a single TR as dual-echo images. Compared to the single-venc PC-MRI, DVDE allows simultaneous imaging of arterial and venous blood flow with an enhanced VNR and similar blood flow and velocity.
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