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Abstract #1644

Amortised inference in diffusion MRI biophysical models using artificial neural networks and simulation-based frameworks

Jose Pedro Manzano Patron1,2, Theodore Kypraios3, and Stamatios N Sotiropoulos4,5
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Precision Imaging Beacon, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3School of Mathematics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 5Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Synopsis

Inference in imaging-based biophysical modelling provides a principled way of estimating model parameters, but also assessing confidence/uncertainty on results, quantifying noise effects and aiding experimental design. Traditional approaches in neuroimaging can either be very computationally expensive (e.g., Bayesian) or suitable to only certain assumptions (e.g., bootstrapping). We present a simulation-based inference approach to estimate diffusion MRI model parameters and their uncertainty. This novel framework trains a neural network to learn a Bayesian model inversion, allowing inference given unseen data. Results show a high level of agreement with conventional Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo estimates, while offering 2-3 orders of magnitude speed-ups and inference amortisation.

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Keywords