Here we propose to use 13C diffusion-weighted MRS of hyperpolarized pyruvate and lactate to probe diffusion properties in distinct compartments of the mouse brain, tentatively extracellular (ECS) and intracellular spaces (ICS). Hyperpolarized 13C-pyruvate is injected intravenously and taken up by the brain before entering cells, where it is quickly converted to lactate, so that 13C-pyruvate concentration in ICS must remain low, while newly produced 13C-lactate should remain predominantly intracellular during the relatively short measurement time. We measure faster diffusion for pyruvate even after removing IVIM effect, suggesting faster diffusion in the ECS, and slow release of lactate in the ECS.
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