[13C]Bicarbonate production from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate in the brain is directly related to pyruvate oxidation and, thus serves a potential biomarker of brain function. In this study, we assessed time-wise bicarbonate production in the visual cortex during activation with minimal perturbation of its precursors, pyruvate and lactate, using a multichannel 13C receive array, a spectral-spatial RF pulse that fully excites bicarbonate signals, and dynamic 13C MRS. The real-time changes of bicarbonate production in response to visual stimuli were observed in healthy volunteers.
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