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Abstract #0336

Interleaved TMS-fMRI Explains Variability in TMS Response

Maria Vasileiadi1, Sarah Grosshagauer1, Michael Woletz1, Anna-lisa Schuler2, David Linhardt1, Nolan Williams3, Christian Windischberger1, and Martin Tik1,3
1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 3Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States

Synopsis

Keywords: Functional Connectivity, Brain Connectivity, brain stimulation

Motivation: TMS has become an invaluable asset in both research and clinical environments. However, variability in individual responses to TMS is a persistent issue, which limits its broader adoption.

Goal(s): The integration of TMS with fMRI through interleaved paradigms is a promising strategy for gaining insights into the factors that underlie this response variability.

Approach: Adopting an interleaved TMS-fMRI approach we explored the different factors of stimulation dose, sex differences, and cognitive state.

Results: Interleaved TMS-fMRI revealed individual dose-response patterns. Inherent sex differences were found between men and women. Precise timing of TMS relative to cognitive state demonstrated differential effects on relevant brain regions.

Impact: The findings represent a critical step toward addressing the challenge of response variability. TMS-fMRI promises to be a valuable tool for not only understanding factors that influence TMS response but also for potentially enhancing response rates in TMS applications.

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Keywords

stimulationresponsedoseinterleavedindividualbraincognitivecoilvariabilitytasknetworkresolutiontargetprofilesnamingonsetobjectspatialresponsesconnectivitytimingtargetswomen