Keywords: Myocardium, Heart, Cardiac CINE, free-running, water-fat separation, phase sensitive, fat suppression
Motivation: Water-fat separated (WFS) imaging can improve detection and characterization of various cardiovascular pathologies. We hypothesize that the signal phase at half the repetition time of balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) may be used for efficient WFS cine imaging.
Goal(s): To study the feasibility of WFS free-running 3D cardiac cine imaging using the phase-sensitive approach.
Approach: After reconstruction of 5D whole heart images, the global slowly varying phase was estimated and removed. Water and fat voxels were then identified according to the phase.
Results: Water and fat were sufficiently separated around the heart. A field map of off-resonance can partially mitigate peripheral water/fat swaps.
Impact: A phase sensitive approach for WFS only requires negligible computational cost and minor adjustment of repetition time. It might be implemented with a wide range of bSSFP cine imaging techniques for fat suppression or to provide complementary water/fat information.
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