Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury, Traumatic brain injury, functional MRI, diffusion MRI, tractometry
Motivation: Understanding brain changes occurring during recovery from a sword-inflicted head injury.
Goal(s): To detect longitudinal changes in diffusion and functional MRI accompanying the patient’s functional recovery after the trauma.
Approach: Diffusion MRI and tractometry to assess white matter tract changes and task-based and resting-state functional MRI to monitor changes in brain function.
Results: Reduced diffusion metrics were found in the affected white matter tracts, which seemed to partially recover over time. Task-based fMRI showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased functional activity over time for the right-hand and language scans reflecting gradual clinical improvement in right hand, and language functions.
Impact: This longitudinal case study reveals significant brain recovery post-penetrating trauma, which is less common in clinical practice, and highlights the value of diffusion and functional MRI in tracking brain changes that parallel rehabilitation progress.
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