Abstract #0529

Maturation of marmoset cortical cytoarchitecture from birth to adolescence with ultra-high-resolution diffusion MRI

Tianjia Zhu^1,2, Ziqin Zhang^1,2, Jianlin Guo^1,3, Minhui Ouyang^1,4, Yinuo Zheng^1,2, Andre Sousa⁵, Jon Levine⁵, Arnold Kriegstein⁶, and Hao Huang^1,4

¹Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, ²Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, ³Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China, ⁴Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, ⁵Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁶Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

Synopsis

Keywords: Biomarkers, Normal development, cortical microstructure, large animals-nonhuman primates, ultra-high-resolution diffusion MRI

Motivation: Understanding cortical cytoarchitectural maturation in the developing non-human primate brain is crucial for insights into evolution and neurodevelopment.

Goal(s): To uncover spatiotemporal changes of cortical cytoarchitectural maturation in marmoset brains from birth to adolescence with cutting-edge ultra-high-resolution multi-shell diffusion-MRI (dMRI) at 100µm isotropic resolution.

Approach: Ultra-high resolution multi-shell dMRI at 9.4T was performed on marmoset brains at birth, 10-months, and 2 years. Diffusion tensor and kurtosis were fitted. Region-specific cortical microstructure maturation trendlines were delineated.

Results: Our findings reveal the cortical cytoarchitectural maps with mean kurtosis and fractional anisotropy as well as distinct, region-specific temporal courses of these measures.

Impact: We reveal heterogenous cortical cytoarchitecture maturation patterns in developing marmoset brains, highlighting increased mean kurtosis and decreased fractional anisotropy over time. Our study provides a foundation for understanding neurodevelopmental milestones and evolutionary aspects of cortical maturation in primate models.

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